Trypanocidal function of Terminalia catappa leaf extract in Albino rat

Abstract

Received: 2021-03-18 | Accepted: 2021-05-31 | Available online: 2021-12-31

https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.04.326-333

On Trypanosoma brucei brucei infected albino rats, the trypanocidal activity of the ethanolic extract of Terminalia catappa leaf (EETL) was evaluated. Thirty-six rats were allocated into six groups: Group 1 (control); Group 2: infected; Group 3: infected and treated with 10 mg kg^-1 body weight diminazene aceturate; Group 4: infected and treated with 500 mg kg^-1 body weight EETL; Group 5: infected and treated with 1,000 mg kg^-1 body weight EETL; Group 6: infected and treated with 1,500 mg kg^-1 body weight EETL. The highest parasitaemia level (P <0.05) was recorded in group 2, compared to the rest groups. The total/complete chemosuppression recorded in the group 3 was (P <0.05) higher than the rest groups. The percentage chemo-suppression improves (P <0.05) with an increased EETL dosage from 500 mg kg^-1 1,500 mg kg^-1. The haematological and serum biochemical parameters were determined using Abacus 380 and a Reflectron® Plus BC79 analyzer, respectively. Post-infection, the rats‘ packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration in group 2 and group 4 were (P <0.05) lower than group 1 and other groups. On day five postinfection, the rats‘ red blood cell counts in groups 2 and 4 were lower (P <0.05) than in other groups. On day 15 post-infection, the white blood cell counts of rats in groups 2 and 4 were lower (P <0.05) than in group 1, 3 and 6. Alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels in groups 2 and 4 were (P <0.05) higher than the control and other treatment groups. This study demonstrated 1,500 mg kg-1 EETL bodyweight efficacy in reducing the parasitemia level in T. brucei brucei infected rats

Keywords: Phytoconstituents, Terminalia catappa, Trypanosomosis, Zoonotic diseases

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